?Cost Impact Of Cleanliness Levels?清潔水平的成本對比
? Cleaning cost - directly proportional to level of cleanliness
??????????清潔成本-與清潔度水平直接成正比
? Non-conformance level - indirectly Proportional to level of cleanliness
???????????????? ??不符水平-與清潔度水平間接成比例
? Total cost = cost of cleaning + cost Of non-conformance
?????????? ????????總成本=清潔成本+不符水平?
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Selection Criteria - Cleanliness Measuring Methods
選擇標準-潔凈度檢測方法
??????????Types of contaminant污染類型
??????????Types of substrate基板類型
??????????Level of cleanliness潔凈水平
??????????Measurement speed測量速度
??????????Acquisition & operating cost?獲得和運行成本
??????????Skill level required技術水平要求
? Features of the measurement method
??????????測量方法特性
??????????Non-contact, non-destructive無接觸，無損傷
??????????Direct or indirect?直接或間接
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Suggested Approaches: Defining Acceptable Cleanliness Level
推薦的方法：定義合適的潔凈等級
??????????Baseline testing基線測試
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??????????Controlled experiment?控制實驗
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Baseline Testing基線檢測
??????????Measure cleanliness level of the current process當前工藝潔凈等級測量
??????????Measure non-conformance rate attributed to surface cleanliness表面潔凈度屬性不符率測量
??????????If this measured rate is too high, then improve surface cleanliness process如果測量出的這種比率過高，那么改善表面清潔工藝
??????????If this measured rate is acceptable, then cleanliness level of current process becomes acceptable level如果測量出的這種比率合適，那么當前工藝的清潔等級就是合適的等級
??????????If this measured rate is too low, then un-improve surface cleanliness process弱國測量出的這種比率過低，那么調低表面清潔工藝
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Controlled Experiment
控制實驗
??????????Define the desired “success” level定義需求合適等級
??????????Prepare parts with varying surface???cleanliness level準備不同表面潔凈等級的部件
??????????Measure and record surface cleanliness levels測量并記錄表面潔凈等級
? Perform the next operation
??????????執(zhí)行下一個操作
? Measure the “success” level of the operation
??????????測量這個操作的合適等級
? Correlate cleanliness level to “success” level of the operation
??????????將這個操作合適等級同潔靜等級關聯(lián)
Example.例子
? Parts are coated with a film.
??????????部件用薄膜涂覆
? “Success” = desired adhesion.
??????????合適=需要的粘著系數
? “Success” level = minimum adhesion measured as peel strength.
??????????合適等級=剝離強度下測量的最小粘著系數
? Establish surface cleanliness limits
??????????建立表面潔凈度限值
? Limits based on minimum “success” measure desired
??????????基于最小“合適”需求的測量限制
? Implement cleanliness measurement method
??????????實施清潔度測量方法
? Begin monitoring of cleanliness process to established cleanliness limits
??????????從監(jiān)控清潔工藝至建立潔凈度限值
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Surface Cleanliness Vs.Peel Strength
表面潔凈度?Vs?剝離強度
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OSEE Principle
光學受激電子發(fā)射原理
– Surface exposed to UV light
–????????紫外線光照射表面
– UV light causes surface to emit electrons
–????????紫外線光另表面發(fā)射電子
– Emitted electrons collected and converted into a voltage signal
–????????發(fā)射的電子聚集并轉化成電壓信號
– In general, clean surface gives high emission
–????????通常，潔凈的表面會有更高的發(fā)射
– Surface contamination partially blocks:
–????????表面污染部分阻礙：
– The UV light reaching the surface
–????????紫外光到達表面
– The flow of electron away from surface
–????????電子流離開表面
– Contamination causes a drop in measured signal
–????????污染會引起測量信號的一個回落
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How it works
它如何工作
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Cleanliness Monitoring of Solid Rocket Motor (SR, M) Using OSEE
使用光學受激電子發(fā)射的Solid Rocket Motor (SRM)潔凈監(jiān)測
? SRM is made up of several segments of D6ACsteel, approx. 13 feet diameter and 10 feet long.
??????????固態(tài)引擎電機由幾段D6AC鋼制成，直徑約13英尺，長約10英尺
? Segments are mechanically fastened to each other with a groove/ring arrangement.
??????????各段用一個凹槽/圈組合固定彼此
? This joint also houses the infamous “O” ring.
??????????連接處也覆蓋在“O”型圈內
? An asbestos/rubber lining covers the inside surface of SRM including the joints
??????????一個石棉/橡膠內襯覆蓋固態(tài)引擎電機及接頭內表面
? Solid propellant is then cast into the SRM
??????????然后固體推進劑被擲入固態(tài)引擎電機
? During the launch the propellant burns and generates intense heat
??????????推進劑燃燒之前期間，產生高強度的熱量
? Several approx. 1 square foot sections of D6ACsteel were prepared with varying degree of surface contamination
??????????準備幾個不同程度表面污染約1平方英尺區(qū)域的D6AC鋼
? Surface cleanliness of these samples was measured and recorded
??????????測量這些樣品的表面潔凈度并記錄
? Next the lining was bonded to these sections
??????????內襯邊緣與這些區(qū)域連接
? Peel tests were performed to measure the adhesion strength of the lining
??????????執(zhí)行剝離實驗是為了測量內襯的粘著強度
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??OSEE Vs. Contamination Level
????? 光學受激電子發(fā)射Vs污染等級??
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??Peel Strength Vs. Contamination Level
????? 剝離強度Vs污染等級?
Cleanliness Monitoring of Solid Rocket Motor (SRM) Using OSEE
使用光學受激電子發(fā)射的Solid Rocket Motor (SRM)潔凈監(jiān)測
? The predominant contaminant is HD2 grease that fluoresces
??????????主要的污染是發(fā)熒光的HD2油脂
? Prior to the use of OSEE surface cleanliness was checked with black light
??????????使用光學受激電子發(fā)射表面清潔之前需用黑光檢測
? The lowest level of contamination that could be detected was 100mg/ft2
??????????可檢測的最低等級污染是100mg/ft2?毫克/平方英尺
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? This level of contamination resulted in an average peel strength of 50 pounds per linear inch (PLI)
??????????這種等級的污染導致一個50磅每線性英尺的平均剝離強度
? An acceptable level of 150 PLI was established
??????????合格等級150磅/線英寸建立
? This level of peel strength corresponds to an OSEE reading of 900
??????????這種剝離強度等級與讀取值900的光學受激電子發(fā)射相對應
? Currently, in SRM production, this is the minimum acceptable level of OSEE reading
??????????當前，在SRM生產中，這是光學受激電子發(fā)射讀取的最小標準等級
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Summary總結
??????????Why monitor cleanliness?為什么要檢測潔凈度？
??????????Types of contamination?污染類型
??????????Types of cleanliness measurement methods潔凈度檢測方法類型
??????????Most common verification/measurement methods最常用的確認/測量方法
??????????Criteria for selecting a cleanliness monitoring method選擇清洗監(jiān)測方法標準
??????????Cost impact of cleanliness level清潔度水平的成本影響
???, ???????Suggested approaches to defining acceptable limits?推薦的定義合適限值的方法
??????????Example of defining acceptable limits定義標準限值示例
??????????Summary?總結
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